![]() To get pure carbon, the process starts by converting coking coal to coke by driving off the impurities leaving. This research is carried out in partnership with the Canadian Carbonization Research Association and is funded by the Government of Canada’s ecoEnergy Technology Initiative. Carbon is an essential part of making steel. After UN Climate Change Conference (COP15) in Copenhagen 2009, steel industry in Brazil proposed to replace coal and coke with charcoal in their high. Our work is continuing as we increase this amount and attempt to modify the charcoal by removing undesirable ash material. To produce quality metallurgical coke, a high-temperature carbonization process is used. The recovery of coal chemicals is an economical necessity, as they equal approximately 35 percent of the value of the coal. Based on the addition of 5% charcoal material to coking coal blends we have successfully produced industrial grade coke. The primary purpose of modern coke ovens is the production of quality coke for the iron and steel industry. Our laboratory-scale work using the sole-heated oven (15 kg sample) and pilot-scale work (300 kg sample) indicates that our approach is scientifically and technically feasible. With this in mind, our scientists have been studying the effect of quantity, particle size and ash content of the charcoal being used as a substitute. The coke consists of partially graphitized carbon materials derived from coal and any additions that interfere with the graphitization process could result in a lower coke quality. As the specifications for metallurgical coke are quite stringent, this is not a simple task. Our initial strategy has been to investigate the replacement of metallurgical coal in the blend with commercially available charcoal. In the best possible scenario, 20% of metallurgical coke could be replaced by a renewable carbon, reducing CO 2 output by 2.8 Mt. Coke is replaced with a renewable source of carbon, thus allowing a reduction in the CO 2 that is produced. Recognizing the impact of this on the Canadian environment, CanmetENERGY is working to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG’s) released in steel making by lowering the amount of metallurgical coke used in the process. That’s equivalent to 13.7 Mt of carbon dioxide (CO 2) making this industry one of the larger generators of CO 2 gas in the metals sector. The Canadian steel industry uses on average 3.7 megatonnes (Mt) of metallurgical coke in its blast furnaces each year. The use of metallurgical coke is vital in the production of iron as it provides both heat for the blast furnace and acts as a reducing agent in the production of iron from iron ore.
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